Yield Cost Calculation In Hot Roll Mill

If a mill rolls 80 % of the calendar year, that is 365 x 24 x 0.80 = 7008 hours. If the mill rolls 800,000 tons per year, it runs at an average production rate of 114.16 tons/hour. If the utilization can be improved by 1 %, the available rolling hours is 365 x 24 x 0.81 = 7096.6, creating 87.6 extra rolling hours.

John G. Lenard, in Primer on Flat Rolling (Second Edition), 2014 11.6 Summary. Hot rolling is one of the most common and cost-effective techniques to convert aluminium cast slab to flat sheet down to 2 mm thickness, which becomes the starting stock for cold rolling. Hot rolling is one of the most important manufacturing processes for flat rolled aluminium alloys as it allows …

The Hot Mill rolls slabs weighing up to 30 tons between 30" and 74". Steel slab 8 to 9 inches thick and up to 36 feet long is rolled into strip as thin as 1/16 inches and up to a half-mile in length. Coils are produced with a 30"

Avoid cobbles in hot strip mills ... also without yield loss. On the cold rolling mill, annealing and galvanizing lines the product needs to be side trimmed, resulting in ... • Increase the uptime of the hot strip mill and avoid and improve reliability of the hot strip mill • …

The middle of roll becomes hotter than its ends and hence roll diameter in the middle of roll increases. In hot rolling mills this effect is quite pronounced and should be taken into account while calculating the roll camber. In cold rolling mills the coolant supply at different points on roll surface may be adjusted to minimize this effect.

– Calculate roll separation force ("rolling force") and torque – Processing Limits – Calculate rolling power. Prof. Ramesh Singh, Notes by Dr. Singh/ Dr. Colton 13 Flat Rolling Analysis • Consider rolling of a flat plate in a 2-high rolling mill

Dual Phase High-Strength Hot-Rolled Steel Sheets and Coils with Automobile Formability NSHA540D NSHA590D NSHA590DH NSHA690D NSHA780D They are well suited for drawing because of their low yield ratio. They have also excellent fatigue strength. Wheel discs High-Hole Expanding High-Strength Hot-Rolled Steel Sheets and Coils with Automobile Formability

For the weekly CRU Midwest Hot Roll Coil assessment, the company only considers spot prices for U.S. made, prime, hot rolled coil measured per US ton.There are no bids, offers, or opinions taken into account when during the calculation. Here is a breakdown of the CRU's price assessment process:

Today, cold and hot strip mills around the globe are continuously looking for ways to increase their productivity, save energy, lower their overall costs and improve the final quality of their products. Using lubricant in cold rolling and controlling the roll-wear in hot rolling are some of the ways to achieve these goals.

A temper mill is also used to make cold rolled after annealing to assure a consistent quality. After the material is made hot rolled, it needs to be pickled and cold reduced. Cold reducing increases the yield strength and the material can be too hard to be used for any type of deep draw work or accurate bending.

Equations are derived for the normal roll pressure, specific roll load and torque in hot rolling mills, using the condition for plastic deformation in rolling derived by Orowan, together with von ...

Product Guide - Steel Plate (contd) Form 1254 3/16/05 (Reprinted 5/27/15) Page 3 of 4 OVERVIEW Cold Reduced Plate Higher in quality (surface, flatness and shape). Maintains flatness after shearing, burning, or laser cutting and lower in cost. Flatness Defect Causes Uneven cooling Non-uniform thickness Pricing Considerations

Pulp Densities. Pulp densities indicate by means of a tabulation the percentages of solids (or liquid-to-solid ratio) in a sample of pulp. This figure is valuable in two ways—directly, because for each unit process and operation in milling the optimum pulp density must be established and maintained, and indirectly, because certain important tonnage calculations …

The rolled throughput rate is a factor of the first pass yield rates of each step being multiplied together. With this case, 10 steps all with 95% first pass yields rates will be about 60%, which is not as high as you would like. This shows how even 5% of products, when accumulated over many steps, can add up to be a large quantity of rework.

A two-stand reversing cold mill can deliver capacities between 300,000 t/a of thin-gauge products or 1,000,000 t/a and more of thicker-gauge products. Main benefits of Primetals Technologies' reversing cold mills. High production capacity and yield; Flexible, low-cost rolling of a wide range of products, especially for small order lots

When you calculate throughput yield, you count only the units that make it through the process without rework or scrap. Using the example above, YRT = YTP at step 1 * YTP at step 2 * YTP at step 3. So the rolled throughput yield for the label process is 0.95 * 0.84 * 0.88 = 0.70. Overall, of the 1000 labels that entered the process, 700 labels ...

•Roll-strip contact length L •Average strip width w –despite the fact that spreading, or an increase in width, may actually occur if edger mills are not used •Average true stress of the strip in the roll gap Y avg •Assumes no friction and thus predicts lower roll force than the actual value •Power per roll (SI units)= pFLN / 60,000 kW

Abstract. Equations are derived for the normal roll pressure, specific roll load and torque in hot rolling mills, using the condition for plastic deformation in rolling derived by Orowan, together with von Kármán's equation of equilibrium. Although applying strictly to the rolling of ideal plastic-rigid materials, these equations may be ...

Hot rolling was done using a rolling mill with 290 mm diameter rolls at a peripheral speed of 10 m min −1. A total strain of 0.94 was induced by multi-pass rolling with a reduction of 15% in thickness per pass. The hot rolled plates after the final pass were air cooled, and thickness of the plates was 4.4 mm.

Rolling mill consisting of four rolls or known as a 4 High rolling mill is used for reducing material to extremely small thicknesses. Through the use of larger backup rolls, the issues of roll deflection can be avoided and smaller work rolls can be used. This reduction in work roll diameter: Reduces overall separating force required for reductions

The Calculation of Roll Force and Torque in Hot Rolling Mills. Abstract. Equations are derived for the normal roll pressure, specific roll load and torque in hot rolling mills, using the condition for plastic deformation in rolling derived by Orowan, together with von …

Key input costs are based on January 2020 world average costs. Ferrous scrap is priced at ~$250/tonne, steel slab at ~$400/t and hot rolled coil is assumed to sell at around $485/tonne [ex-works]. This allows for a small profit of ~$15/tonne to be made in this specific example.

Hot-Rolled cut lengths are available between 16 and 40 feet. Steel Dynamics can maintain all ASTM tolerances for diameter, length, and straightness on all hot rolled products. The Engineered Bar Products Rolling Mill metallurgical lab has the capability to provide the full spectrum of metallurgical testing including

Mill Pacing Control. Mill pacing control forecasts time schedules of roughing mills and finishing mills. This realizes maximum productivity. Mathematical Model Tuning Tool and Packages. Hot strip mill systems have many mathematical models and model tuning is very important for startup of a hot rolling plant.

Hot Rolled Steel Sheet A1011 (0.125" - 11 GA) is made of low carbon steel that is commonly found in most industries as it is a high strength, highly formable steel, commonly used to create drums, containers, and in general fabrication. Unlike cold rolled steel, Hot Rolled Steel Sheet A1011 has a rougher surface and with galvanization, it can ...

The hot roll process means that the surface on this steel will be somewhat rough. Note that its yield strength is also significantly less than 1018 - this means that it will bend much more quickly than will 1018. Finally, machining this material is noticeably more difficult than 1018 steel, but the cost is usually significantly lower.

Paper calculation. Standard methods to calculate paper and board characteristics require the use of the International System of Units (SI or SI metric units). Calculating paper. Details of SI are provided in the ISO Standards 31:1981 and 1000:1981. Some quantities can be expressed in different SI units.

Hot rolling was performed with the mill operated in a 2-high roll configuration using 127 mm diameter rolls (Figure 1(a)). Cold rolling was performed with the mill in a 4-high roll configuration, using 127 mm diameter back-up rolls, and 38.1 mm work rolls (Figure 1(b)).

Roll Pass Designing in Continuous Bar Mill Billet Size Area Finished Size Area of finished bar Co-efficient of elongation No. of passes 150 22500 12 113.1429 198.8636 20.78453 150 22500 16 201.1429 111.8608 18.52503 150 22500 20 314.2857 71.59091 16.77243 150 22500 22 380.2857 59.16604 16.02385 150 22500 25 491.0714 45.81818 …

mining machine > Yield Cost Calculation In Hot Roll Mill. Yield Cost Calculation In Hot Roll Mill; ... Detail About. How important is sheet and plate steel flatness ... The idea to use temper-pass rolling mills in ... per foot of rolling direction. Similarly, width flatness was the ... CTL hot-rolled strip mill ...